What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome primarily associated with?

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome is primarily associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which often results from ascending infections, typically due to sexually transmitted pathogens like Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis. The syndrome specifically refers to the inflammation of the liver capsule and surrounding peritoneum, which can occur due to the spread of infection from the reproductive tract to the upper genital tract and peritoneal cavity. This process leads to the characteristic 'violin-string' adhesions on the liver seen during surgical exploration.

In the context of PID, the acute inflammation and subsequent fibrosis can create adhesions that cause significant discomfort and pain in the upper right quadrant, thereby mimicking liver disease. The association of the condition with PID emphasizes the impact of sexually transmitted infections on a broader spectrum of female reproductive health beyond the ovary and uterus.

Endometriosis, although it can cause severe pain and complications in the pelvis, is not related to the liver capsule or the type of infections implicated in Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome. Ovarian torsion is a surgical emergency that involves the twisting of the ovarian pedicle, leading to loss of blood supply, and does not involve similar inflammatory changes in the liver or surrounding tissues