Which bacterium is the most common cause of Chlamydia infections?

Chlamydia trachomatis is recognized as the most common cause of chlamydia infections, a prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI). This obligate intracellular bacterium can persist in sexual and reproductive tissues, leading to a range of health issues. Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis often presents asymptomatically, making it challenging to identify without screening.

Beyond just causing chlamydia, this bacterium is associated with reproductive health complications, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility, and ectopic pregnancy if left untreated. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis is significant in sexually active individuals, particularly in younger populations, which underscores the importance of regular screening and treatment.

The other options represent different pathogens: Mycoplasma genitalium is known to be associated with non-gonococcal urethritis but is not the most common cause of chlamydia infections. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative agent of gonorrhea, another STI but distinct from chlamydia. Lastly, Treponema pallidum is the bacterium responsible for syphilis. Each of these agents has its own distinct disease associations and does not compete with Chlamydia trachomatis as