Which chemical's antidote includes thiosulfate and amyl nitrate?

The use of thiosulfate and amyl nitrate as an antidote is specifically associated with cyanide poisoning. When cyanide, a potent inhibitor of cellular respiration, is encountered, these antidotes work to mitigate its toxic effects.

Amyl nitrate acts as a nitric oxide donor that facilitates the conversion of cyanohemoglobin (formed when cyanide binds to hemoglobin) back to a form that can help transport oxygen, thus aiding in the reversal of cyanide's lethal effects. Sodium thiosulfate serves as a sulfur donor, enabling the conversion of cyanide to thiocyanate, which is a less toxic metabolite that can be excreted in the urine. This combination is effective in providing a rapid response to cyanide toxicity, which is essential given the rapid onset of symptoms and potential lethality associated with cyanide exposure.

In contrast, other options present different toxicological scenarios. Arsenic is treated with agents such as dimercaprol and penicillamine, carbon monoxide poisoning is commonly addressed with oxygen therapy, and organophosphate poisoning typically requires the administration of atropine and pralidoxime. Each of these antidotes is targeted to the specific mechanism of action of the respective toxins, highlighting the importance